VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE ON PT SEMEN INDONESIA TBK: LEGITIMACY CRISIS ON REMBANG PLANT CONSTRUCTION

Authors

  • Gentiga Muhammad Zairin Universitas Indonesia
  • Elvia R. Shauki Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47312/ambr.v3i2.196

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate how the legitimacy strategy was carried out by PT Semen Indonesia Tbk to repair the legitimacy due to the construction of the Rembang plant which was suspected of damaging the environment. Research problems arose due to inadequate company disclosures, resulting in a series of protests. This research has a contribution to understanding further how the company's strategy in facing the crisis of legitimacy. This research also uses web-based disclosure data and is processed with Nvivo 12 Pro software that has never been done before. This research uses legitimacy theory, especially strategies to repair legitimacy. This study uses case studies with triangulation of qualitative data and quantitative data, all of which are secondary data. Qualitative data in this study is the result of data processing using NVivo 12 Pro software from disclosure media such as annual reports, sustainability reports, websites, online-based newspaper, and corporate social media accounts. Quantitative data in this study include the number of words, number of sentences, and percentage of disclosures. The findings in this study were the strategy of "deny", "justify", "create monitors", "replace personnel", "revise practices", and "avoid panic" were used by companies. The strategy of "excuse" is not used because the company does not feel guilty. The dominant media used is a statement through the online-based newspaper. The use of social media and sustainability report shows very little legitimacy efforts.

Keywords: Legitimacy Crisis, Legitimacy Theory, Plant Construction, Repairing Legitimacy, Voluntary Disclosure

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ashforth, B. E., & Gibbs, B. W. (1990). The double-edge of organizational legitimation. Organization Science, 1(2), 177–194.

Bansal, P., & Roth, K. (2000). Why companies go green: A model of ecological responsiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 717–736.

bbc.com, 2017, ‘Aksi menyemen kaki di Jerman untuk petani Kendeng’, bbc.com, 10 Mei, downloaded on 5 Oktober 2018, <https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-39871127>

bisnis.com, 2017, ‘Menperin: Kepastian Investasi Semen Rembang Harus Dijaga, bisnis.com, 19 Maret, downloaded on 5 Oktober 2018, <http://industri.bisnis.com/read/20170319/257/638341/menperin-kepastian-investasi-semen-rembang-harus-dijaga>

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40.

Brinkerhoff, D. W. (2005). Organizational legitimacy, capacity and capacity development. University of Kansas. Public management research association (PMRA).

Branco, M. C., Eugénio, T., & Ribeiro, J. (2008). Environmental disclosure in response to public perception of environmental threats: The case of co-incineration in Portugal. Journal of

Communication Management, 12(2), 136–151.

Deegan, C., Rankin, M., & Tobin, J. (2002). An examination of the corporate social and environmental disclosures of BHP from 1983-1997: A test of legitimacy theory. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 312–343.

Dowling, J., & Pfeffer, J. (1975). Organizational legitimacy: Social values and organizational behavior. Pacific Sociological Review, 18(1), 122–136.

Du, S., & Vieira, E. T. (2012). Striving for legitimacy through corporate social responsibility: Insights from oil companies. Journal of Business Ethics, 110(4), 413–427.

Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107–115.

Elsbach, K. D. (1994). Managing organizational legitimacy in the California cattle industry: The construction and effectiveness of verbal accounts. Administrative Science Quarterly, 57–88.

Erdianto, K. (2017). ‘Kronologi Wafatnya Patmi, Petani Kendeng Usai Aksi Dipasung Semen’, kompas.com, 21 Maret, downloaded on 5 Oktober 2018, <https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/03/21/15294751

/kronologi.wafatnya.patmi.petani.kendeng.usai.aksi.dipasung.semen>

Eugénio, T. P., Lourenço, I. C., & Morais, A. I. (2013). Sustainability strategies of the company TimorL: extending the applicability of legitimacy theory. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 24(5), 570–582.

Gephart Jr, R. P. (1978). Status degradation and organizational succession: An ethnomethodological approach. Administrative Science Quarterly, 553–581.

Hannan, M. T., & Freeman, J. (1984). Structural inertia and organizational change. American Sociological Review, 149–164.

Laine, M. (2005). Meanings of the term ‘sustainable development’in Finnish corporate disclosures. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 29, pp. 395–413). Elsevier.

Marcus, A. A., & Goodman, R. S. (1991). Victims and shareholders: The dilemmas of presenting corporate policy during a crisis. Academy of Management Journal, 34(2), 281–305.

Maurer, J. G. (1971). Readings in organization theory: Open-system approaches. Random House (NY).

Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), 340–363.

Moneva, J. M., Archel, P., & Correa, C. (2006). GRI and the camouflaging of corporate unsustainability. In Accounting forum (Vol. 30, pp. 121–137). Elsevier.

O’Donovan, G. (2002). Environmental disclosures in the annual report: Extending the applicability and predictive power of legitimacy theory. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 344–371.

O’Dwyer, B., Owen, D., & Unerman, J. (2011). Seeking legitimacy for new assurance forms: The case of assurance on sustainability reporting. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 36(1), 31–52.

Palazzo, G., & Scherer, A. G. (2006). Corporate legitimacy as deliberation: A communicative framework. Journal of Business Ethics, 66(1), 71–88.

Parsons, T. (1960). Structure and process in modern societies. Free Pr.

Pfeffer, J. (1981). Management as symbolic action: the creation and maintenance of organizational paradigm. Research in Organizational Behavior, 3, 1–52.

Preston, A. M., Cooper, D. J., Scarbrough, D. P., & Chilton, R. C. (1995). Changes in the code of ethics of the US accounting profession, 1917 and 1988: The continual quest for legitimation.

Accounting, Organizations and Society, 20(6), 507–546.

PT Semen Indonesia Tbk. (2017). Annual Report PT Semen Indonesia Tbk Tahun 2017. Downloaded from http://www.idx.co.id/Portals/0/StaticData/ListedCompanies/Corporate_Actions/New_Info_JSX/Jenis_Informasi/01_Laporan_Keuangan/04_Annual%20Report//2017/SMGR/SMGR_Annual%20Report_2017.pdf

Ruef, M., & Scott, W. R. (1998). A multidimensional model of organizational legitimacy: Hospital survival in changing institutional environments. Administrative Science Quarterly, 877–904.

Russell, S. L., & Thomson, I. (2009). Analysing the role of sustainable development indicators in accounting for and constructing a Sustainable Scotland. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 33, pp. 225–244). Elsevier.

Salancik, G. R., & Meindl, J. R. (1984). Corporate attributions as strategic illusions of management control. Administrative Science Quarterly, 238–254.

Scott, M. B., & Lyman, S. M. (1968). Accounts. American Sociological Review, 46–62.

Scott, W. R. (1977). Effectiveness of organizational effectiveness studies. New Perspectives on Organizational Effectiveness, 63–95.

Scott, W. R. (1981). Rational, natural, and open systems. NJ: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliff.

Staw, B. M., McKechnie, P. I., & Puffer, S. M. (1983). The

justification of organizational performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 582–600.

Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610.

Sutton, R. I., & Callahan, A. L. (1987). The stigma of bankruptcy: Spoiled organizational image and its management. Academy of Management Journal, 30(3), 405–436.

Unerman, J. (2000). Methodological issues-Reflections on quantification in corporate social reporting content analysis. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 13(5), 667–681.

Watson, S. (2011). Conflict diamonds, legitimacy and media agenda: an examination of annual report disclosures. Meditari Accountancy Research, 19(1/2), 94–111.

Weber, M. (1978). Economy and society: An outline of interpretive sociology (Vol. 1). Univ of California Press.

Wicaksono, A 2016 ‘Merendam Kaki di Semen demi Pegunungan Kendeng’, cnnindonesia.com, 13 April, downloaded on 5 Oktober 2018, <https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20160412180316-22-123440/merendam-kaki-di-semen-demi-pegunungan-kendeng>

Wood, D. J. (1991). Corporate social performance revisited. Academy of Management Review, 16(4), 691–718.

Zucker, L. G. (1983). Organizations as institutions. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 2(1), 1–47.

Zucker, L. G. (1986). Production of trust: Institutional sources of economic structure, 1840–1920. Research in Organizational Behavior.

Downloads

Published

2018-12-17

Issue

Section

Articles